(π/6)D3ρp[(dUp)/(dt)]=3πμD(Uf-Up) | (1) |
(π/6)D3ρp[(dUp)/(dt)]=3πμD(Vf-Vp)+δ'(Uf-Up) | (2) |
, 其中G为纵向时均流
的垂线分布梯度
/dy. 为简化分析
(dUp/dt)+βUp=βUf | (3) |
(dUp/dt)+βUp=βUf +δ(Uf-Up) | (4) |
ΔU=Up- | (5) |
| (6) |
| (7) |
(dΔU)/(dt)]+βΔU=-GVp+βuf | (8) |
=0。对式
| (9) |
=0, 即在摆脱初始条件的影响后
p=f。结合式(5)可知
=0, 则式(8)、
[(dup)/(dt)]+βup=-Gvp+βuf | (10) |
[(dup)/(dt)]+βup=βvf+δ(uf-up) | (11) |
,对式(10)、
| (12) |
| (13) |
| (14) |
(ω)和
(ω)来表示
| (14) |
| (15) |
| (18) |
| (19) |
| (20) |
| (21) |
| (22) |
| (23) |
| (24) |
| (25) |
| (26) |
| (27) |
| (28) |
| (29) |
| (30) |
| (31) |
| (32) |
| (33) |
的符号和流速梯度G的符号相反
(β2-ω2-δG) 2+4β2ω2=[ω2+(1+ | (34) |
| (35) |
| (36) |
|
/ωe, 则ω/β=α
| (37) |
| (38) |
),α2=α/(1-
),λ≠1。下面的分析只考虑α2>0, 对于α2<0的情况, 可得到相同的结论。
| (39) |
=
| (40) |
| (41) |
| (42) |
| (43) |
| (44) |
| (45) |
| (46) |
| (47) |
| (48) |
/
=1-π/4α+O(α2),即颗粒的脉动强度将小于流体的脉动强度。可见流速梯度对颗粒的纵向脉动强度有着直接而重要的影响。
| (49) |
| (50) |
| (51) |
| (52) |
/
=1-π/4α+O(α2),即颗粒的垂向脉动强度总是小于流体的脉动强度。可见流速梯度对颗粒的垂向脉动强度大小也有着直接而重要的影响。
|
|
图1 颗粒脉动强度和流体脉动强度的关系 |
The relationship between turbulent intensity of two phases |
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